elementary school; primary school; school for children over eight years old in ancient China; traditional Chinese philology
eccentric; crank; oddball
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
supervision; control; superintendence; director; superintendent; supervisor
table of contents; contents
the south; southward; southern direction; countries in the south (esp. Southeast Asia and the pre-WWII South Pacific Mandate)
remote region; frontier (district); border(land)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to originate with; to start with; to stem from
insurrection; mutiny; rebellion; revolt; uprising
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in the twinkling of an eye; in a flash
whole nation; whole land; whole country
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
by means of; due to; because of; according to
fall; sinking; surrender; capitulation
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Fernand; Fernande; Fernando
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
to be main; to be principal; to be important; to be conspicuous; to be prominent
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
chief vassal; senior statesman
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to kill (with a weapon); to defeat an opponent; to get someone out; to arrest; to take prisoner
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to catch; to capture; to grasp (e.g. meaning); to perceive; to captivate; to move (one's heart)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in