judging from; on the basis of; from the point of view of
weak; frail; delicate; tender; unskilled; weak (wine)
even if; even though; however; no matter how
habit (often a bad habit, i.e. vice); tendency; peculiarity; idiosyncrasy; crease; wrinkle
withering; shrivelling; shrinking; atrophy; contraction
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
appreciation of the yen; strong yen; strengthening of the yen; high-valued yen; exchange in favor of the yen (favour)
going through; going via; going by way of
to pass (a car); to overtake; to surpass; to outstrip; to outdistance
third rank (in the Japanese court system); Trinity; the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit
edge; angle; ridge (e.g. of a mountain)
Dutch studies; studies of Western knowledge
garden (esp. man-made); orchard; park; place; location
speck; dot; point; only a little; particle; only one
defeat; loss; failing to live up to (one's name, looks, etc.); discount; loss (on a sale)
very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
better; preferable; more; increase; (arch.) increase; (arch.) growth
one night; one evening; all night; overnight
recognizing anew; seeing something in a new light
astonished; shocked; amazed; astounded; aghast
midterm (mid-semester) test or exam
to be used up; to be run out; to be exhausted; to be consumed; to come to an end
supreme ruler; conqueror; champion; winner; titleholder
fighting (against); taking on (an opponent); facing; confronting; competing (with); battle
test period; exam period; examination time
noisy; loud; annoying; troublesome; fussy; finicky
solid; firm; stout; burly; strong; sturdy
metal plate; metallic plate
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
enclosure; fence; storage (of fruit, vegetables, etc.); partitioned area of a room for conducting tea ceremonies; mistress; castle
task; (doing a) bit of work; difficult task; hard work
(one's) older brother; young man; sonny; lad
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to go; to come; to be defeated; to collapse; to be annoyed; to be nonplussed
handrail; railing; banister