indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
national road; national highway
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
straight (ahead); direct; upright; straightforward; honest; frank
to advance (spatially); to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to move ahead (e.g. of work); to intensify
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
tunnel; to tunnel (through a potential barrier); letting a grounder go through one's legs
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
coastline; shoreline; coastal railway
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
instant; moment; for an instant
along the road; at the side of the road
scenery; scene; landscape; scene (e.g. of a crime)
street stall; stand; booth
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
to catch sight of; to come into view; to happen to see
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
brake; (a) stop (to a development, behavior, etc.); (the) brakes
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
car; automobile; vehicle; wheel; castor; caster
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
metre (unit of length); meter; meter; gauge
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
shoulder (of a road); berm
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted