clearness; clarity; skillfulness (skilfulness)
to respond; to answer; to meet (e.g. demands, expectations); to affect; to take a toll; to strike home
regarding with apprehension; viewing with anxiety
passing; (person) who happens to pass by; (place) that one happens to pass by; casual (e.g. romance); momentary
herbivorous; plant-eating; graminivorous
domestic animals; livestock; cattle
to a surprising degree; to a remarkable extent; surprisingly; astonishingly; amazingly; alarmingly
self-study; teaching oneself; studying by oneself (at school) while the teacher is absent
one or two; a few; small number
contours of one's body; figure
supple; flexible; elastic; graceful; elegant; refined
(establish) friendly (cordial) relations (with, between); (form) friendship (e.g. with a nation)
beautiful face; good looks; beauty
country in civil war; country disarrayed by war; Warring States period (Japan, China); competiton in which there are several evenly-matched participants; hotly-contested game (match, market, etc.)
to persevere; to keep at something (regardless of one's fatigue)
grand shrine; famous shrine; Izumo Grand Shrine
monk; priest; sangha (the Buddhist community)
National Center Test for University Admissions
hey!; excuse me!; wait a moment
to compare (something) to; to liken; to speak figuratively; to use a simile; to use a metaphor
to care for someone; to look after someone
national language; Japanese language (often as a school subject in Japan); native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords)
modern Japanese; current written style
average; mean; balance; equilibrium
humming a tune; humming unconcernedly
all the questions (in an exam, quiz, etc.)
common; commonplace; reckless; pulp paper; granulated sugar; (arch.) coins
history of Japan; Japanese history
Perry; Peli; Pelly; Perri
congratulation; celebration
drifting; drift; being adrift
opposite side; reverse; (on the) other hand
countries where Chinese characters are used or were historically used
class; order; et cetera; etc.; equal; iso-
laws of nature; physical laws; physics
untraceable; long lost; one's whereabouts being unknown
seven; seven years of age; four o'clock (old time system)
competitive entrance examinations for prestigious kindergartens and elementary schools