the first and second; a few
to wither (of a plant); to be blasted; to die; to mature (of one's personality, abilities, etc.)
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
leaf; blade (of grass); (pine) needle; marijuana; cannabis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to shake; to sway; to waver
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
before long; soon; almost; nearly; finally; in the end
gravity; gravitation; gravitational pull
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
branch; bough; limb; twig; sprig; spray
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
breaking off; snapping off; suddenly stopping
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
fluttering; flapping; (arch.) flickering (light, flame, etc.); frill; piece of thin material
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say
to fill; to become full (of); to wax (of the moon); to rise (of the tide); to flow; to expire (of a period of time)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
to fade; to discolor; to discolour; to diminish; to fade (e.g. of a memory)
to crack; to develop a crack
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
all; completely; totally; entirely; thoroughly
to incline toward; to slant; to lurch; to go down (sun); to wane; to sink
to collapse; to crumble; to get out of shape; to lose one's shape; to break down; to be thrown into disarray; to crash (stock market)
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
walking on frost; crunching (e.g. on gravel); lots of coins or jewels; cutting into large pieces; loosely weaving; large (pieces, stitches, sand grains, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to grow up; to become an adult; to become big; to grow in size
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to fall into ruin; to be desolated