if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
rail (track); (curtain) rail; track (for a sliding door); groundwork; spadework
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to bite; to chew; to gnaw; to fumble one's words (esp. during a play, broadcast, etc.); to falter with one's words; to crash against (e.g. of waves); to break onto (shore)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
regular; well-regulated; systematic; orderly
to resound; to echo; to reverberate
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
echo; reverberation; sound (esp. the distinctive sound of an object or activity, e.g. rain, gun, gallop, drum); noise; quality of a sound (e.g. a fine phrase, clear voice, resonant bell); feeling of a sound
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to induce sleep; to cause drowsiness
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
suddenly; casually; accidentally; incidentally; unexpectedly; unintentionally
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
book; volume; this; present; main; head
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
name; given name; first name
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
(not) ever; (not) by any means; (not) in the least; (not) in any way; (not) at all
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to be crowded with people; to be bustling with; to prosper; to flourish; to do thriving business
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
to disappear into; to be lost in; to do something under the cover of (confusion, etc.); to be almost indistinguishable; to be confusingly similar; to be diverted from (negative emotions, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
falling into a doze; dozing off; nodding off
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
suddenly; in a flash; rapidly; attractive; distinguished; showy
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
to become confused (disconcerted, disorganized, disorganised); to be flustered; to panic; to hurry; to rush; to hasten
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?