and; moreover; besides; as well as; and on top of that; at the same time
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
faint; dim; weak; poor; wretched; meagre
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
companion; follower; attendant; retinue
to catch; to capture; to grasp (e.g. meaning); to perceive; to captivate; to move (one's heart)
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
periodic; regular; routine
to stand watch; to stand guard; to look out; to open (one's eyes) wide
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
alternation; change; relief; relay; shift; substitution (sports, etc.)
to insert; to put in; to send in (to a prisoner; e.g. clothes, books); to deliver (food, refreshments, etc. to workers); to supply
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
to visit; to call on; to arrive (season, time, situation, etc.); to come; (arch.) to make a sound; (arch.) to send a letter
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
how long; how far; how much
to pass (of time); to elapse
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
now; the present time; just now; another; more
how long; how far; how much
time; hour; season; time of the year
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
as soon as...; just after...; immediately after...; hurriedly; in haste; quickly
time; hour; period; class
sense; sensation; feeling; intuition
abandonment; renunciation; resignation; abdication (responsibility, right)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
unexpected; unscheduled; unforeseen; unplanned
is something that; is that which
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
consciousness; becoming aware (of); awareness; mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else