domestic; domestically-produced; produced within a country
porcelain (esp. hard-paste porcelain); china; chinaware
Qing dynasty (China, 1644-1912); Ch'ing dynasty; Manchu dynasty
origin; source; history; originally; from the start; by nature
highly priced; expensive; valuable; costly
opposition; rivalry; competition; antagonism
substitute article; back-up
certainly; surely; undoubtedly; just; precisely; exactly
not only ... (but also); not just; as well as
feature; trait; characteristic; peculiarity; distinction
materials; ingredients; material (for a novel, experiment, etc.); subject matter; grounds (for a decision, judgement, etc.); basis
to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on
special; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial
ingredient; (raw) material; unprocessed timber; raw timber; subject matter; topic
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
statement; remark; observation; utterance; speech; proposal
to be collected; to be gathered (e.g. mushrooms, etc.); to be harvested; to be able to collect; to be able to mine
import; importation; introduction; afferent
instead; but (on the other hand)
craftsman; artisan; tradesman; worker; workman
to find out; to discover; to locate
bone; frame; outline; core; backbone; spirit
to be hit; to strike; to touch; to be in contact; to be equivalent to; to be applicable; to be right on the money (of a prediction, criticism, etc.)
to become familiar with and cherish; to get to know and love
faint; dim; weak; poor; wretched; meagre
tongue; tongue-like object; clapper (of a bell); talon (of a lock)
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
grandfather; old man; kyogen mask used for the role of an old man
actual article or goods; spots (stocks, foreign exchange, commodities, etc.); (in) kind (income, benefit, rent, taxes, investment, etc.)
means of making contact; intermediary; go-between; connections; influence; pull
to follow (road); to pursue (course); to follow up; to follow (hyperlink)
speciality; specialty; subject of study; expert; area of expertise
to become used to seeing; to be familiar with
raw materials; ingredients
supporting evidence; corroboration
perhaps; likely; probably; I dare say
to carry around; to carry on one's person
physiological; physical; visceral; instinctive; in one's guts
unpleasant feelings (e.g. hatred, disgust, revulsion, fear)