chapter one; first chapter
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to recall; to remember; to recollect
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
to feel; to sense; to experience
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
flapping; rattling (sound); noisily; commotion; kerfuffle
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
New Year's Eve; end of the year
taking an examination (esp. school and university entrance)
measure; step; countermeasure; counterplan; countermove; strategy
lodging together; training camp; boarding house
restriction; restraint; binding; constraint
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
for now; for the time being; for the present; though not quite satisfactorily; after a fashion
release; unleashing; liberation; deallocation (of computer memory)
New Year (esp. first three days); first month of the year; January
image (on a screen); picture (e.g. on a TV); video; film; reflection; image (in one's mind)
research division; research club (e.g. at school, university)
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
neighborhood; neighbourhood; street; block; town
first shrine visit of New Year
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
chief; main; principal; major