book; volume; this; present; main; head
work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.); opus; performance; production
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
image (used to explain or demonstrate something); illustration; illustrative picture; (digital) image
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
re-; again; repeated; deutero-; deuto-; deuter-
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
advance notice; previous note; preliminary announcement; trailer (film, TV); preview
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
change; modification; alteration; revision; amendment
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
writing vertically; vertical writing
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to see; to look; to watch; to try to
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indication; expression; display; displaying; representation; (copyright) attribution
difference; variation; difference
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
gyoza; pot sticker; crescent-shaped pan-fried dumplings stuffed with minced pork and vegetables
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to begin to say; to start talking; to broach (a matter); to be the first to say; to suggest (doing); to propose
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
tightly; closely; exactly; precisely; suddenly (stopping); perfectly (suited)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to stop walking; to pause
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
stoppage; coming to a stop; ceasing (movement, activity, etc.); suspension (of operations); suspension (of payment, licence, etc.); (temporary) prohibition
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
(shopping) cart; kart; go-kart
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
to strike against; to collide with; to encounter; to meet; to clash
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very