jpdb beta

chapter one; first chapter

1

continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe

16

almost; roughly; approximately

8

centre; center; middle; capital; seat of government

32

north and south; north to south; South Korea and North Korea

2

to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)

21

source (e.g. of a river); headwaters; origin of something continuous (language, culture, etc.)

1

northern part; the north (of a region)

2

to rise (of a building, mountain, etc.); to tower; to soar

1

mountain district

2

entering; going into

4

to refuse; to reject; to decline; to prevent (from doing); to deny (e.g. access); to block

1

elevation; height above sea level

1

1,000; thousand

10

to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)

6

mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)

14

to extend; to stretch out; to attend; to participate in; to enrol; to enroll

1

summit (of a mountain)

1

foot of a mountain; base of a mountain; foothills

1

deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong

6

to mince; to cut fine; to carve; to engrave; to tick away (time); to beat out (e.g. rhythm); to etch (into one's mind)

2

valley

3

to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)

8

perpetual snow

1

some; several; many; how many; how much; very

1

to pile up; to accumulate; to estimate

1

snow thaw; thawing

2

water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout

15

mountain stream

2

thin; slender; fine; unlucky

2

to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than

5

confluence (of rivers); merge (of traffic); conflux; union (e.g. of forces); linking up; merging

3

stream; brook; creek

2

before long; soon; almost; nearly; finally; in the end

20

many; much; plenty; hardly

14

south

11

large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university

12

wooded country; wooded (timber) region; woodland; woodlands

4

to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear

5

ocean; large sea; fabric pattern

2

source of river; fountainhead

2

quantity or volume of water

8

river; stream; River; the ... river

88

to increase; to multiply

8

beginning of spring

1

April; fourth month in the lunar calendar

3

May; fifth month of the lunar calendar

5

to decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abate

3

early winter; tenth month of the lunar calendar

1

season; time of year

6