indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
rule; domination; direction; management; control (of one's destiny, public opinion, etc.); governing
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
May; fifth month of the lunar calendar
last third of a month; 21st to the last day of a month
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
bright (weather, mood, voice, etc.); clear; fine; beautiful; glorious; splendid
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
to insert; to put in; to come in (of light); to shine in; to have a griping pain (in the stomach, chest, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to invite; to ask (someone to do); to tempt; to lure; to induce (tears, laughter, sleepiness, etc.); to arouse (e.g. sympathy)
aroma; fragrance; scent; smell
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to hang over; to shroud; to enshroud; to envelop; to screen
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
casserole; earthenware pan; aluminum saucepan with a handle (usu. wooden) and often with snowflake-style embossed pattern
food; food products; foodstuffs
stock company; corporation; kabushiki kaisha; KK
freezing; cold storage; refrigeration
leading product; flagship product; top product
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
speciality; specialty; special subject of study; sole interest; single focus; concentrating exclusively on
manufacturer (esp. a major company); producer; maker; maker (person or device that makes something)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
head office; main office; main shrine; this company; this shrine
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
belonging to (a group, organization, etc.); affiliation (with); being attached to; being under the control of; serving (in the military, congress, etc.)
to wear (from the shoulders down); to put on; to take (the blame, responsibility); to bear
clothes (esp. Western clothes); clothing; dress; counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, puffs of a cigarette, etc.
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
white; blank (e.g. paper); uncolored; innocent; not guilty; (arch.) bright
coverall apron; cook's apron
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
triangular bandage; sling; triangular kerchief; bandana; bandanna
entirely; completely; cleanly; snugly