such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
chōnin (Edo-period social class of town-dwelling commoners, esp. landowning merchants); townspeople; townsfolk; tradespeople
(social) standing; status; identity; birth; one's circumstances; one's means
to change; to alter; to reform; to correct; to examine; to check
constitution; rules; regulation
to decide; to determine; to establish; to lay down; to bring peace (to); to make peaceful
congress; parliament; diet; legislative assembly
starting; inauguration; launch; founding; establishment; start-up
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
arrival; coming (e.g. something awaited); advent
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
the government; Administration
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
(political) power; authority; influence
monopoly; monopolization; exclusivity; hogging; keeping to oneself
in name only; titular; nominal
to ask for instructions; to ask for someone's opinion; to inquire of; to invoke an oracle; to consult an oracle
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
look; glimpse; apparently; seemingly; (arch.) first meeting
equality; impartiality; evenness
society; public; community; social studies
to extol; to sing the praises of; to celebrate; to declare; to stipulate; to express
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
important post; important office; key position
still; as yet; as it has been
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
feudal domain owned by a Tokugawa family branch
successive generations; hereditary daimyo (whose ancestors supported Tokugawa Ieyasu prior to the battle of Sekigahara)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
stagnation; tie-up; standstill; congestion; delay; accumulation
dissatisfaction; discontent; displeasure; complaint; unhappiness
to rise; to swell; to be promoted
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to turn towards; to point
heavy-handed; iron-fisted; authoritarian