mysterious presence; mysterious atmosphere; aura of mystery
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
(many) trees; every tree; all kinds of trees
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rock; to shake; to swing
in the mountains; among the mountains
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
to bring; to take; to bring about
exaltation; emotional uplift
to recall; to remember; to recollect
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
in that way; thus; so; so?
20 years old; (arch.) twenty
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
murder; killing; murderer
to shoot (at); to attack; to defeat; to destroy
winning a battle; victory; victorious battle
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to look up at; to raise one's eyes; to look up to; to admire; to respect
until then; till then; to that extent; the end of it; all there is to it
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly
to cease; to stop; to be over
to grow light; to become white; to turn grey (gray)
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
to fill; to become full (of); to wax (of the moon); to rise (of the tide); to flow; to expire (of a period of time)
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to illuminate; to shine a light on; to light up