end of a century (esp. 19th); fin-de-siècle; end of the world (esp. in fiction); apocalypse
United Kingdom; UK; Britain; England
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
organization; organisation; structure; construction; system (e.g. railroad, transport, party, etc.); tissue; texture (of a rock)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
superior; excellent; brilliant; outstanding
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
belonging to (a group, organization, etc.); affiliation (with); being attached to; being under the control of; serving (in the military, congress, etc.)
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
research; study; investigation
life; living; livelihood; (one's) living
almost; nearly; hardly; barely; large majority; large proportion
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to spend; to expend; to waste; to squander; to devote
contents; content; substance; matter; detail; import
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
summons; subpoena; citation; summoning (a spirit, demon, etc.); evocation; invocation
art; technique; means; way; stratagem; artifice
tool; means; ingredients (added to soup, rice, etc.); counter for sets of armor, utensils, furniture, etc.
development; cultivation; application; exploitation (of resources)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
simple substance (e.g. chemical); something standing alone; separate item; solo item
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
possible; potential; practicable; feasible
high efficiency; high performance
to create; to bring forth; to invent; to think up and bring into being; to give birth to; to bear
in order to; for the purpose of; must; should
day and night; around the clock; always; constantly
experiment; experimentation
to repeat; to do over again
diligent study; devoting oneself to one's studies
to deepen; to heighten; to intensify
immersing oneself in; being absorbed in; devoting oneself to; giving oneself up entirely to
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively; extreme
meal (e.g. lunch, dinner); diet