one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on; to go toward; to head for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nesting hole; burrow; den
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to crawl out; to creep out; to begin to crawl
cruel; brutal; ruthless; merciless; inhuman
playing; play (margin between on and off, gap before pressing button or lever has an effect)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to get excited; to make one's heart leap; to make one's heart pound
defenseless; defenceless; unprotected; vulnerable
to form a line; to queue up; to line up
to trample; to crush underfoot
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to ignite; to set fire to; to spark (an incident, etc.); to inflame (a situation, etc.)
to collect; to assemble; to gather
to roast; to parch; to toast; to boil down
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
pity; sorrow; pitiable; pitiful; alack; alas
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
one by one; one after another; successively
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do