futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
to chip off; to scrape off; to prune
to polish up; to shine up
tempering (metal); annealing; forging; toughening; disciplining; training
sword (esp. Japanese single-edged); katana; scalpel; chisel; burin; knife money (knife-shaped commodity money used in ancient China)
polish; grinding; sharpening
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
than; from; out of; except; but; more
sharp (blade); pointed; sharp (pain); stabbing; perceptive; keen
supple; flexible; elastic; graceful; elegant; refined
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
intently; single-mindedly; devotedly; solely; earnestly; with all one's heart
oneself (itself, etc.); I; me; you; by oneself (itself, etc.); interjection expressing anger or chagrin
to polish; to shine; to brush (e.g. teeth); to refine (e.g. a skill); to improve; to cultivate
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
spear; lance; javelin; lance; (arch.) jeering
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
fate; destiny; predestination
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
to go; to come; to be defeated; to collapse; to be annoyed; to be nonplussed
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
reaching a stopping place; settling down (before the next stage); getting to a point where one can rest; one paragraph
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
by the way; incidentally; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how)
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
to serve; to work for; to attend
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
colour; color; complexion; skin colour; look (on one's face); expression; appearance
fox (esp. the red fox, Vulpes vulpes); fox (i.e. a sly person); soba or udon topped with deep-fried tofu; light brown; golden brown
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
tail (animal); tail end; tip
just (now); quite (near); unintentionally; subconsciously
some time ago; recently; lately; last (Sunday, etc.); previous
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish