indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
plural; multiple; several
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sight (signs) of an aeroplane (airplane)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to run past from behind; to run through (e.g. gate, one's mind)
altitude; height; elevation; high-degree; high-grade; advanced
low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.); low (position); close to the ground; short (height); deep (voice); in a low key
to advance on; to close in; to march on; to descend on (the enemy); to move towards; to surge forward (crowd, wave of nostalgia, wave, etc.)
(sound of an) explosion or detonation; roar (of a machine)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
propeller-driven aircraft; prop plane
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
chance; opportunity; machine; aircraft; counter for aircraft; counter for (remaining) lives
formation (e.g. of aircraft)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
wing; Chinese "Wings" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); (arch.) counter for birds or bird wings
ball; sphere; bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; ball (in sports); pile (of noodles, etc.); bullet
rabbit; hare; coney; cony; lagomorph (esp. leporids)
aviation; flight; flying; to fly; to take a flight
table; chart; list; memorial to an emperor
party; group; crew; company (of troops); corps; unit
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
premodern; old-fashioned; outmoded; antiquated
opposite; reverse; contrary
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
impressiveness; impact; force; intensity; appeal; strength
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
vivid; bright; brilliant; skillful; skilful; adept
to vomit; to throw up; to emit; to send forth; to give (an opinion); to make (a comment)
while; during; while; although; all; both
to go too far; to go past; to go to extremes; to overdo it
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
rising; ascending; climbing
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
mostly; nearly; practically; well-nigh; almost invariably; all but
to mistake (A for B); to misread