that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
commonplace; ordinary; typical; ubiquitous; run-of-the-mill; mundane
tree as seen in winter (esp. a barren deciduous tree); evergreen tree
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
centre; center; middle; capital; seat of government
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
river; stream; River; the ... river
to go by; to go past; to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.); to operate (between); to go indoors; to go into a room; to penetrate
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
border; boundary; turning point; watershed; area; region
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
high-rise building; tower block; skyscraper
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to stand in a row (e.g. shops on a street); to line in a row; to line; to be equal to; to be on a par with
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
nature; natural; spontaneous; naturally; spontaneously
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
mountain recess; deep in the mountains
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
to branch; to fork; to separate; to split; to disperse; to scatter
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
colouring; coloring; shade (of colour); flavour; nuance; feel
to have two things (at the same time) (e.g. good and bad points); to also have something (in addition to something else)
provincial city; provincial town; suburban city; regional towns and cities
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...