indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Xia dynasty (China, perhaps c. 2070-1600 BCE, perhaps mythological); Hsia dynasty
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
flawless; absolute perfection
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
to begin to say; to start talking; to broach (a matter); to be the first to say; to suggest (doing); to propose
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
it is assuredly (that)...; can say with confidence that it is...
grave; solemn; stern; authoritative; hard (e.g. fact)
(those) who are; (that) which is; in the capacity of
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to grow long (e.g. hair, nails); to lengthen; to extend; to reach out; to hold out; to straighten; to smooth out
(not) at all; (not) in the least; (none) whatsoever
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to float; to be suspended; to rise to the surface; to appear; to come to mind; to have inspiration
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
wide open (of eyes); large and bright (eyes)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to be ready; to be prepared; to be in order; to be put in order; to be adjusted; to be regulated
cherry blossom (colour, color)
how; in what way; I wonder
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
single word; a few words; brief comment
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
or; either ... or; maybe; perhaps; some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...