pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
to be open (to traffic); to lead to; to flow (liquid, current); to pass; to be understood; to be comprehended; to be honored
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to fill to capacity; to pack; to complete; to tessellate
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
(some) more; even more; longer; further
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
story; tale; talk; discussion
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to wake up; to sober up; to come to one's senses; to become enlightened
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
substance; real form; main part; main unit; this machine; this appliance; object of worship (at a shrine, temple, etc.)
at the same time as; while; as well as (multiple roles)