elementary school; primary school; school for children over eight years old in ancient China; traditional Chinese philology
both hands; both arms; ten
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
thorn; spine; splinter (esp. lodged in one's flesh); hard sharp item (esp. lodged in one's throat, e.g. fish bone); biting words
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
in that way; thus; so; so?
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
large drop (rain, sweat, tears, etc.); large grain-like object (grape, cherry, etc.)
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
clergyman; churchman; clergy
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
overcoat; greatcoat; cloak; wrap; mantle
part; assigning (allotment of) parts; role; duties
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to do ... completely; to do ... entirely
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
soaking (wet); wringing; dripping; drenched
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like