elementary school; primary school; school for children over eight years old in ancient China; traditional Chinese philology
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to give (as a gift); to present; to confer; to bestow; to award
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
this world; this life; world of the living
(religious) faith; belief; creed
price; cost; value; worth; value
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
single; solo; solitary; just one; only one
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
desire; wish; request; entreaty; prayer; (written) application
to come true (of a wish, prayer, etc.); to be realized; to suit (e.g. a purpose); to meet (wishes, ideals, etc.); to match (implies competition); to rival
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to sweat and slave; to toil away
manual labor; manual labour; toil; Labour Party
the body; the flesh; the outer man; one's physique
to move; to shift; to inspire; to rouse; to change; to alter; to operate