book; volume; this; present; main; head
ebook; e-book; electronic book; digital book
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
image (used to explain or demonstrate something); illustration; illustrative picture; (digital) image
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
re-; again; repeated; deutero-; deuto-; deuter-
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
advance notice; previous note; preliminary announcement; trailer (film, TV); preview
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
change; modification; alteration; revision; amendment
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
writing vertically; vertical writing
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to see; to look; to watch; to try to
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indication; expression; display; displaying; representation; (copyright) attribution
difference; variation; difference
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
heat; fever; temperature; zeal; passion
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
dainty; delicate; slender; fragile (e.g. furniture); delicate; frail
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
to press down; to hold down; to pin down
about; roughly; generally; on the whole; completely; quite
consideration; concern; fear; worry; solicitude
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
unrelated; unconnected; without relations (esp. of a deceased person); having no surviving relatives; unrelated to the teachings of Buddha; unable to be saved by Buddha
treatment; service; handling (of a machine, tool, etc.); operation; treating as; treating like
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
thin; slender; fine; unlucky
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to fall on one's shoulders (e.g. responsibility, duty)
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
bone; frame; outline; core; backbone; spirit