yoke; constraints; oppression
scholarly ability; scholarship; knowledge; literary ability
judgement; judgment; decision; adjudication; award; verdict
call; summons; usher who calls the names of wrestlers, sweeps the ring, etc.; telephone number at which a person without a telephone can be reached; (arch.) box-shaped area containing clean water for rinsing oneself (in an Edo-period bathhouse); (arch.) high-ranking prostitute in the Yoshiwara district (Edo period); (arch.) unlicensed prostitute in the Fukagawa red-light district (Edo period)
November; eleventh month of the lunar calendar
marks; points; score; number of items; number of articles
examination paper; examination script; answer sheet; answer (to an exam question)
smelling burnt; smelling scorched; smelling of gunpowder (i.e. as if armed conflict is about to break out); tense; suspicious; dubious
sit down; sit up; Sit! (to a dog)
gentle; peaceable; amicable; without fuss; simply
control; bringing under control; settling (a matter); putting in order
to plan; to attempt; to plot; to conspire; to aim for; to strive for
answer sheet; blank answer paper; examination paper; test paper
idea; conception; way of thinking; approach; expression
conversion; diversion; changeover; commutation; switchover
national language; Japanese language (often as a school subject in Japan); native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords)
writing down from other written material; writing kanji text from hiragana; transcription (of spoken material); dictation
cross mark; demerit mark; an X
to hurry (up); to urge on; to press; to rush
at the very beginning; first of all; first and foremost; before anything else
depths; deep place; bottom (of one's heart)
management; dealing with; course of events; circumstances; end result (usu. bad); outcome
to do something by choice; to like; to be fond of
reason; cause; history; origin
cram school; private tutoring school; juku
disregarding; taking no account of; ignoring; overlooking
level; standard; water level
needle (compass, gauge, etc.); hand (clock); indicator; guiding principle; guideline; guide
fall; decline; lowering; deterioration; degradation
spirit; drive; vigour; ambition; aspiration
sympathy; compassion; pity
violence; oppression; high-handedness; tyranny; despotism
shuddering; shivering; trembling; being horrified; being disgusted
monitoring; watching; observation; surveillance; guarding; supervision
reasonably; fairly; hurriedly; in a rush; approximately; about
(lit.) blood flows; to have the blood of ... running in one's veins (artist, warrior, etc.); to be born with particular skills, characteristics, etc.; to have something "in one's blood"
a little over; a little more than; powerhouse; one of the biggest; upper (seismic intensity)
to finish reading; to read through
cultivation; refinement; culture; education