heaven and earth; top and bottom
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
sweet-tasting; sweet; fragrant (smelling); sweet (music); lightly salted; light in salt; naive
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
enough; sufficient; sufficiently; fully; division into ten
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
nth year in the Shōwa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to impress; to move one's heart; to touch (a person's heart)
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
to ascertain; to make sure of; to determine; to probe; to get to the bottom (of something)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
inside the breast of one's clothing (esp. kimono); bosom; space between one's chest and outstretched arms; (one's) reach; heart (e.g. of a mountain); bosom (e.g. of nature)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to feel around for; to fumble for; to investigate; to probe into; to explore (parts unknown); to enjoy (natural beauty)
one copy (of a document); one letter; one-way traffic; pure straight; winning hand containing nine consecutive tiles of the same suit (i.e. 1-9)
document; writing; letter; document addressed to someone
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
knee; lap; knee and thigh (while sitting)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to do for (the sake of someone else)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
pine tree (Pinus spp.); highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
while; during; while; although; all; both
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
means of survival; means of escape; way out of a difficulty
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)