indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
ceiling; ceiling (e.g. of share price); ceiling price
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
disorder; chaos; confusion; mayhem
feeling startled; getting a shock; prank; practical joke
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
craftsman; artisan; workman; carpenter
softly; gently; stealthily; secretly; to leave alone; to leave as it is
renovation (e.g. a house); redecoration; refurbishment; makeover; alteration (e.g. of clothes); re-tailoring
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
various; a variety of; variously; in various ways; various things; this and that
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
I feel that ...; I feel as though ...; I have a feeling that ...; I have the impression that ...; I think that ...
first of all; at once; for now; for the time being; anyway; at least
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
observation; survey; watching
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
one face; one surface; the whole surface; one aspect; one side; (on) the other hand; one broad, flat object
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
memory (of having seen something or someone before); remembrance; recollection; recognition
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
fluorescent lamp; fluorescent light; person who is slow to react; someone slow on the uptake
to hang down (from); to dangle; to be within one's reach; to dangle (before one's eyes); to be completely reliant on; to be entirely dependent on
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...