this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
prologue; prolog; Prolog (Programming in Logic)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
the first and second; a few
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
please (give me); please (do for me)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
suffix for familiar person
September; ninth month of the lunar calendar
last third of a month; 21st to the last day of a month
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
it is not (like that) either
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
futon; Japanese bedding consisting of a mattress and a duvet; round cushion used for Zen meditation (traditionally made of woven bulrush leaves)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
creeping about; stirring restlessly; squirming
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular
to bring back; to restore
bedside; near one's pillow
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
jingle (i.e. in a television commercial)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be in time (for); to serve (suit, meet) the purpose; to be good enough; to be enough
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!