stage (of a theatre, concert hall, etc.); stage performance; stage production; setting (of a story); scene; sphere (of activity)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
airplane; aeroplane; plane; aircraft
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
after school (at the end of the day)
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
slanting; tilted; sloping; distorted (feeling); slanted (e.g. view of the world); bad (mood)
to insert; to put in; to come in (of light); to shine in; to have a griping pain (in the stomach, chest, etc.)
red; crimson; scarlet; Red; communist
lonely (e.g. person, feeling); lonesome; desolate; deserted; sad; lacking
to shine; to sparkle; to twinkle; to light up (with happiness, hope, etc.); to beam; to gleam
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
island; one's territory (of a sex worker, organized crime gang, etc.); one's turf
educational institution; school; academy; campus
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
depopulation; decrease in population
because of; owing to; due to
mainland; the country proper; native country; country where one was born; pure land; Buddha realm
distinguished family; famous family; noble family; prestigious organization (company, school, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
integration; unification; unity; combination; consolidation; synthesis
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
sports club (e.g. at school); sports department (e.g. in a newspaper)
company; lot; people; troupe; company (of musicians)
futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
putting on a brave face; put-on cheeriness; pretending one is fine; show of courage; bravado; Dutch courage
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
therefore; for that reason; such being the case
protagonist; main character; hero; head (of a household); proprietor (of a store)
female clothing; wearing female clothing; cross dressing (for a man)
to go to and from (a place); to go back and forth between; to go to (school, work, etc.); to attend; to circulate (e.g. blood, electricity); to be communicated (e.g. thought)
from the place (where); from the fact that ...; caused by the fact that ...; because