at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
finally; at last; in the end; ultimately
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
magic; sorcery; witchcraft; magic tricks (with large-scale props)
tool; means; ingredients (added to soup, rice, etc.); counter for sets of armor, utensils, furniture, etc.
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
commerce; trade; business
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
grandfather; old man; kyogen mask used for the role of an old man
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop; knight (court card in mekuri karuta and unsun karuta)
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
all right; let's do this!; you got it!; it's here!; finally!; boom!
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
brown; light brown; tawny
pupil (of the eye); one's eyes
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
to dwell (in); to exist (within); to stay (at); to stop (at); to be in the womb (of an unborn child); to be part of a constellation
to go out to meet; to receive; to call for; to summon; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to take (e.g. a wife)
steward; butler; court official; deacon (Anglican, Lutheran, etc.)
to look up at; to raise one's eyes; to look up to; to admire; to respect
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
to put in order; to arrange; to get ready; to prepare; to adjust; to regulate (e.g. rhythm, tune, one's breathing)
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
to give directions; to issue instructions
honorific/polite/humble prefix
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
errand; mission; messenger; bearer; familiar spirit; use
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to face; to go towards; to head towards