indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
storm; tempest; uproar; hullabaloo; storm (e.g. of protest)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to pick up; to adopt (e.g. a proposal); to accept; to take away; to confiscate; to deliver (a baby)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
pebble; round stone; boulder
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
great; excellent; very troublesome; awful; tiring; tough
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
young noblewoman; princess
to bring; to take; to bring about
prediction; prophecy; prognostication
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
Gola (India); Ghorra; Gorer
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to decide; to determine; to establish; to lay down; to bring peace (to); to make peaceful
than; from; out of; except; but; more
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
character (in a play or novel); dramatis personae
right; right-hand side; afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing); foregoing; forgoing
(metropolitan) prefecture (of Osaka and Kyoto); the centre or seat (of) (center); (government) office; fu; historical administrative unit in China, Korea and Vietnam