everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
rise and fall; ups and downs; shame and glory; bright side and dark side; (lit.) light and shadow
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
to produce; to yield; to cause; to result from; to arise; to be generated
-less; lacking; non-existing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
event; phenomenon; matter
the more ... the more ...; as; (arch.) while; (arch.) during; (arch.) because; (arch.) since
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
much more; still more; single layer (or storey, etc.); (arch.) rather; (arch.) sooner
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
great; grand; magnificent; outstanding; mighty
pain; anguish; distress; suffering; hardship
is something that; is that which
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
face; mask; face guard; (in kendo) striking the head; surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect
by means of; due to; because of; according to
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
sacred scripture; sacred book; holy book; writings of a sage
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
than; from; out of; except; but; more
character (in a play or novel); dramatis personae
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
Paloh (Malaysia); Paro (Bhutan)
prime minister; premier; chancellor
advanced level; high grade; senior