indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
violent; furious; extreme; intense; fervent; vehement
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
while; during; while; although; all; both
strong wind; high wind; moderate gale
to fan (oneself, flames, etc.); to flap (in the wind); to instigate; to stir up; to drive up prices (by buying a large amount of something); to take a photo from a low angle; to tailgate
embankment; bank; beef sinew stewed in miso and mirin
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
frantic; frenetic; inevitable death; brinkmate (inevitable checkmate)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
whole (body); full-length (e.g. portrait); systemic
dripping wet; soaked; drenched
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
to repeat; to do something over again
to shout; to cry; to scream; to clamor (for or against); to clamour (for or against)
river; stream; River; the ... river
volume of water (in a river, pond, flood, etc.)
to rampage; to run wild; to go berserk; to be violent (waves, wind, etc.); to be rough
suddenly; casually; accidentally; incidentally; unexpectedly; unintentionally
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
slope; slanting surface; bevel
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
near; close; beside; third person
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
discovery; detection; finding
to scream; to whine; to grumble; to complain
to rush over; to run up to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
counter for people (usu. seating, reservations and such); first name; famous; great; name; noun
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible