to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
the four signs of orthodox Buddhism
centre; center; middle; capital; seat of government
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
usually; ordinarily; always; continuous; 24-hour (operation, care, etc.); constant
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
cradle (of civilisation, civilization, etc.); birthplace
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
outline; main points; generally; on the whole; general; rough
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
to blossom; to flower; to bloom
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
home area; home town; local
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
by any chance; (should) it happen (that); by some chance
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
magical girl (in anime, manga, etc.); girl with magical powers; young witch
with a slap; with a pop; without batting an eyelid; generously; cutesy suffix applied to names
another world (esp. in fiction); otherworld; parallel universe; different-dimension world; isekai
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to jump out; to rush out; to appear (suddenly); to protrude; to project; to butt in