River Thames (UK); Thames River (Canada)
exit; way out; outlet; vent
old person; senior citizen; the aged; the elderly
urban areas; the streets; town; city
shop; store; establishment; restaurant
forgery; counterfeiting; fabrication; falsification
disassembly; dismantling; decomposition; resolution; factorization
nickel and copper alloy; cupronickel; nickel coin
Asuka period (550-710 CE)
to cast; to mint; to coin
unpatterned (e.g. clothes, pottery); unfigured; plain
to appear on the market; to be in season (e.g. of fruit); to circulate widely; to make the rounds; to go around
wadō kaichin; Japan's first circulated coinage (minted in 708 CE)
century; hundred years; (fig.) a long time
yen (currency of Japan); circle
circulation; dissemination
standard; basis; principle
dried fish (or shellfish, etc.)
drying place; drying ground
to shoulder; to carry on one's shoulder; to nominate for a position; to choose as a representative; to take (someone) for a ride; to deceive
thing that brings good or bad luck; popular belief; superstition; jinx
breast; chest; pit of the stomach; solar plexus; epigastrium
reciting (to oneself); repeating (e.g. an order, to confirm one heard it correctly)
to look downwards (at); to lower one's gaze; to drop one's eyes
river surface; surface of a river
decrease; reduction; fall; depreciation; mitigation
baked sweet goods (e.g. Danish pastry, melon bread); sweet pastry; sweet bread
gofer; dogsbody; person who is made to do things or get things for someone else
equality; equal; same rights; same rank; equivalence
wheat; barley; oat (oats)
as (X, then Y); with; in accordance with; in proportion to
civil war; insurrection; rebellion; domestic conflict