shortening; contraction; reduction; curtailment; abbreviation
planned; scheduled; systematic
standardization; manualization; compiling into a manual; formalization
bystreet; side street; back street; alley; lane
to carry out (of somewhere); to transport; to take out
coolie; laborer; labourer; carrier
kernel; core; nucleus; center; centre
untouched; unused; intact
picking; collecting; harvesting
acceptable; satisfactory; approval; being in favour; Pass (grade); Fair
layered structure; layered system; stratification; hierarchical structure
basin (e.g. between mountains)
to borrow; to have a loan; to hire; to rent; to buy on credit
division; section; compartment; block; plot; lot
admiration; being impressed; admirable; praiseworthy; astonishment; being appalled
rising to action; standing up against; jumping to one's feet
pupil; student; schoolchild
desire to act only in one's self-interest; selfish desires
release (e.g. information); disclosure (legal); show; indication; display
to think of; to hit upon; to come into one's mind; to remember; to recall
placement; fixed position; mapping out; location
living; life; judo art of resuscitation; action; activity
to choke; to be choked by; to be stifled by
mound on which targets are placed (in archery); firing mound
beyond that point; after that
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
same feeling; same sentiment; same opinion; sympathy; agreement; concurrence
(the degree of) self-sufficiency (e.g. in oil)
betterment; improvement; kaizen (Japanese business philosophy of continuous improvement)
still; even now; to this day
attaching too much importance to; placing disproportionate emphasis on; making too much of
not; nonexistent; not being (there)
plant (i.e. equipment, machinery, etc.); plant; vegetation
soil; breeding ground; fertile ground (for); foundation (for the development of ...)
(water-filled) paddy field
filtration; filtering; percolation