to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
since then; from that time; ever since
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
sect; denomination; school (e.g. of poetry)
scale; scope; plan; structure
to become public; to become known; to come out in the open; to be formal; to be official
to go against; to oppose; to disobey; to defy
period of youth; while young
stretching a rope around; roping off; one's turf; domain; territory (of an animal)
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
yielding; submission; surrender; giving way; succumbing
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
system; institution; organization; organisation
from the place (where); from the fact that ...; caused by the fact that ...; because
looks (esp. of a woman); features; ability; capability; (public) estimation (esp. of a man); credit
to become known; to come to light; to be known; to be understood; to clearly not amount to much; to be insignificant
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
so; therefore; accordingly; consequently; on those grounds; that is why
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
please (give me); please (do for me)
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to overlook; to command a view of; to look down on; to despise; to look down on
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
such ... as; or some such
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
people; (all) persons; you (usu. plural); various
unpleasant feelings (e.g. hatred, disgust, revulsion, fear)
just (now); quite (near); unintentionally; subconsciously
speech; expression; wording; language
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
to bend one's head slightly to one side; to look slightly doubtful
appearance; (outward) looks; exterior appearance
to raise one's voice; to shout; to yell; to speak up (e.g. in protest); to speak one's mind
always; all the time; never; usual; regular