town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
until now; so far; up to the present
book; volume; this; present; main; head
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
how much; something over; and something; however (much); no matter how
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
for a change; for variety's sake
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to have a talk; to tell a story
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
naturally; of course; understandably
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
in fact; as a matter of fact; actually; in reality; to tell the truth
in that way; thus; so; so?
it is not (like that) either
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
exhausted; tired; withered; worn out; boiling until shapeless or mushy; tediously
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to spend all of one's time in idle amusement
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
adds force or indicates command
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
hobby; pastime; tastes; preference; liking
immersing oneself in; being absorbed in; devoting oneself to; giving oneself up entirely to
usual; normal; everyday; usually; normally; generally
in comparison to; rather than
stamina; endurance; physical strength; strength of an organization (e.g. profitability, productivity, economic clout, stability, growth potential)
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
often; again and again; frequently; repeatedly
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she