indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
this world; this life; world of the living
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
number one; first; best; most; game; round
liking; being fond of; liking (romantically); being in love with; faddism; eccentricity
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
kitchen; financial situation; finances
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
if it is (the case that ...)
meal (e.g. lunch, dinner); diet
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to embezzle; to misappropriate; to peculate; to accustom oneself to using; to use for a long time
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
in terms of both ... and ...; from the perspective of ... as well as ...; whether it be ... or ...
clean; hygienic; sanitary; pure; virtuous; immaculate
neighborhood; neighbourhood; vicinity; environs; surrounding area; district
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
counter for thin, flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper, plates, coins); counter for portions of gyōza or soba; counter for ranks; counter for wrestlers of a particular rank; counter for fields or rice paddies; counter for palanquin bearers
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
white; blank (e.g. paper); uncolored; innocent; not guilty; (arch.) bright
with a glitter; with a sparkle; brand new; shiny and new; cleaned (of a plate, etc.); finished
to shine; to sparkle; to twinkle; to light up (with happiness, hope, etc.); to beam; to gleam
terrific; staggering; tremendous; frightful; ghastly; horrific
dirty; filthy; disordered; messy; indecent (language, etc.); dirty
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
floor; stage (for the narrator and the shamisen player); dining platform built across a river
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be in disorder; to lie scattered around
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows