department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
adopted daughter; foster daughter
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
Excellent (grade); A; superiority; excellence; gentle; graceful
prologue; prolog; Prolog (Programming in Logic)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
tea (usu. green); tea break (at work); tea ceremony
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
chair; stool; post; office; position
to sit; to squat; to assume (a position); to hold steady; to hold still
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at hand; on hand; way of moving one's arms; skill; money at hand; pocket money
to stare at; to gaze at; to look hard at; to watch intently; to fix one's eyes on
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
ripening (of a crop); crop; harvest
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to feel; to sense; to experience
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
absurd; unreasonable; excessive; very; extremely; excessively
demand; firm request; requisition; requirement; desire
to respond; to answer; to meet (e.g. demands, expectations); to affect; to take a toll; to strike home
apprenticeship; probation; learning by observation; apprentice; trainee; probationer
the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; as soon as; whether or not
wholeheartedly; with heart and soul; intently; with undivided attention; with intense concentration; single-mindedly
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do