illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
Excellent (grade); A; superiority; excellence; gentle; graceful
prologue; prolog; Prolog (Programming in Logic)
flan (baked tart with sweet or savoury filling in an open-topped pastry case); flan; crème caramel; caramel custard
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
adopted daughter; foster daughter
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
comfortable (to live in); snug; cozy; cosy
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
temple; sacred place; shrine; sanctuary; tabernacle
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
tea (usu. green); tea break (at work); tea ceremony
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
facial expression; countenance; look; appearance; expression (vocal, etc.)
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
loose; lenient; lax; gentle (curve, slope, etc.); slow; weak; soft
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
atmosphere; mood; a certain air; presence; (Earth's) atmosphere
to perceive; to sense; to take in; to grasp; to feel
while; during; while; although; all; both
to take a step backward; to step back (i.e. to re-think something); to distance oneself (from); to behave humbly; to budge (a little); to make one concession
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
near; close; beside; third person
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
to increase; to add to; to augment