crime; sin; penalty; sentence; fault; responsibility
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
the other day; a few days ago
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
marriage ceremony; wedding; nuptials
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
attendance; presence; appearance
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to go uninvited; to call on without an invitation; to barge in on; to throng to; to crowd into; to converge upon
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
at that time; in those days
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to recall; to remember; to recollect
unpleasant; disagreeable; displeasing; uncomfortable; unhappy
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
way; style; ceremony; rite; wedding (ceremony); equation
to weigh on one's mind; to bother one; to be interested (in); to be curious (about); to feel like (doing); to feel inclined to
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
he; she; that person; (arch.) you
myself; yourself; I; me; you
rude; outspoken; presumptuous; cheeky
speech and conduct; words and actions; words and deeds; behavior; behaviour; manners
really; truly; indeed; good grief
to notice; to realize; to realise; to regain consciousness; to come to (one's senses); to come round
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
pretty; lovely; clean; clear; completely; entirely
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
worth; merit; value; good point; strong point; redeeming feature
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic