hard; solid; stiff; tight; strong; firm (not viscous or easily moved); safe
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to gouge out; to excavate; to hollow; to bore; to drill; to carve (e.g. pumpkin)
some; several; many; how many; how much; very
layer; stratum; class; stratum; sheaf; counter for stories (of a building)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to be piled up; to lie on top of one another; to come one after another; to happen over and over; to overlap (each other); to occur at the same time
passage; pathway; roadway; avenue; aisle
bright red; crimson lotus flower
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to whirl; to eddy; to be all jumbled together (feelings, thoughts, etc.); to surge; to sweep
institution; establishment; facility; home (for elderly, orphans, etc.)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
glossy (e.g. hair); sleek; shiny; lustrous
darkness; the dark; bewilderment; despair; hidden place; secrecy
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to mistake (A for B); to misread
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
whole (body); full-length (e.g. portrait); systemic
completely black; black from top to bottom; black from head to toe
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
to show signs of ...; to have the appearance of ...
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
innocent; cherubic; childlike
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
emotion; feeling; feelings; sentiment
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
inorganic matter; mineral matter; cold; inhuman; robotic
to flicker; to quiver; to waver; to sway
to project; to reflect; to cast (shadow)
to be crowded; to be packed; to be complex; to go into; to put into; to do intently
many; a lot; much; multitude