first; firstly; first of all; Introduction; Preface
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
solitude; loneliness; isolation
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to bear; to stand; to support; to withstand; to be fit for; to be equal to
to be unable to; to find difficult (unpleasant, awkward, painful) to do; to serve two or more functions or roles simultaneously; to contain (or combine) two or more features; to work in two or more jobs simultaneously (positions, etc.); to do alongside
life; existence; (one's) working life; career; life force; lifeblood
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to shave (wood, leather, etc.); to sharpen (e.g. pencil); to cut down (budget, expenses, staff, time, etc.); to curtail; to delete; to erase
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to name; to call; to christen; to term
teacher; master; religious leader; specialist; (arch.) five-battalion brigade comprising 2500 men (Zhou-dynasty Chinese army)
to yearn for; to long for; to follow (someone); to idolize (for virtue, learning, status, etc.)
back; reverse; rear side; height; stature; ridge (of a mountain)
to chase; to run after; to pursue
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to turn towards; to point
respect and affection; love and respect
to respond; to answer; to meet (e.g. demands, expectations); to affect; to take a toll; to strike home
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to teach (the way); to guide; to instruct; to enlighten
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
mutually; with each other; reciprocally; together
to repeat; to do something over again
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
to scream; to whine; to grumble; to complain
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
to be rested; to feel at ease; to repose; to be relieved
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible