papa; dad; daddy; sugar daddy
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
exactly; precisely; just; as if; as though; quite
to become old enough to understand what's going on around oneself (of a child, etc.); to reach the age of discretion
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
clearly; plainly; distinctly; to be clear; to be definite; to be certain
recognition; awareness; perception; understanding; knowledge; cognition
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to die; to ascend to heaven
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
at that time; in those days
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
all; entire; whole; altogether
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
honest; frank; candid; honestly; frankly
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
to get (a joke or explanation); to strike home; to click; to know intuitively
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy