no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
book; volume; this; present; main; head
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to throw down; to throw out; to abandon; to resign; to give freely; to give generously
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
to sit; to squat; to assume (a position); to hold steady; to hold still
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
slipping out (a chuckle, giggle); unintentionally (letting out a quiet laugh)
to rock; to shake; to swing
cosmic dual forces; yin and yang; sun and moon, etc.
cram school; private tutoring school; juku
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
library (usu. single-room); small library
two persons; two people; pair; couple
matter to be checked or investigated
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
to make (good) progress; to move right ahead (with the work); to advance
various opinions; various theories; various rumors (rumours)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
magic; sorcery; incantation
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
really; truly; indeed; good grief
treatment; service; handling (of a machine, tool, etc.); operation; treating as; treating like
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
in that way; thus; so; so?
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
while; during; while; although; all; both
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend