white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
chapter one; first chapter
clergyman; churchman; clergy
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
drink box; carton (milk, juice, etc.); paper bag (for vacuum cleaners)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
case (e.g. receptacle, condition, event, legal action, letter style, etc.); Computer-Aided Software Engineering; CASE
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to put back; to return; to vomit; to throw up; to recover (of a market price)
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ceremony held at the end of a school term; end-of-term ceremony
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
thank you for your hard work; good work; see you; goodbye; goodnight
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
current year (fiscal, academic, etc.)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
middle and high-school students
promotion; acceleration; encouragement; facilitation; spurring on
exercise; physical training; appeal; campaign; motion; movement