indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
about; roughly; generally; on the whole; completely; quite
traveller; traveler; wayfarer; tourist
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
kana; Japanese syllabary (i.e. hiragana, katakana)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fluttering; flapping; (arch.) flickering (light, flame, etc.); frill; piece of thin material
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to float; to set afloat; to show on one's face (smile, sadness, etc.); to recall; to call to mind
while; during; while; although; all; both
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
to wear; to be dressed in; to have on
magician; wizard; sorcerer; witch
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
appearance; (outward) looks; exterior appearance
the teens (10-19); teenage; the tenth generation
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
to be ready; to be prepared; to be in order; to be put in order; to be adjusted; to be regulated
why; oh; no!; quit it!; stop!
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
heh heh heh; tee-hee; giggle
to droop (e.g. ears of grain); to bow one's head; to hang one's head
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for