original text; source book; draft
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
multicolumn layout; column setting
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
earnestly; immediately; exactly
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
talk; recital; narration; topic
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
curtain; bunting; act (in play)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
book; volume; this; present; main; head
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
you (people); gentlemen; ladies and gentlemen; my friends
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
every one (of them); (one and) all; without exception; to a man; to the last person
to trick; to cheat; to deceive; to coax; to wheedle; to soothe and humor (humour)
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
should; must; -able; probably; likely
lesson; precept; teachings; moral
indeed; really; truly; very much
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
writing; composition; essay; sentence
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
I've heard that ...; rumour has it that ...; it appears as if ...
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to restrict; to limit; to be restricted to; to be limited to; to be best (for); to be the best plan
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work