showy; brilliant; gorgeous; florid; gay
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
center; centre; metropolis
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
double; two-fold; diplo-; dipl-; double-edged eyelid; double eyelid
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
moat; fosse; canal; ditch
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
firm; strong; solid; stable
(fixing) boundaries for religious practices; prohibition (of items, people, spirits, etc. that would hinder Buddhist practice); fence between inner and outer sanctums in a temple; (arch.) short two or three-fold lattice around the front desk of a store; barrier; dimensional barrier
area; domain; territory; field; range; region
inner moat; moat within the castle walls
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
institution; establishment; facility; home (for elderly, orphans, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
prominent; leading; foremost; distinguished
tourist attraction; sight-seeing area
citizen; resident; person; user (of a website, esp. as a collective, e.g. Twittersphere)
place for relaxation and refreshment
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
tasks; things to do; errand; business (to take care of); affairs; engagement
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
even if not; even without
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
to connect; to link together; to tie; to fasten; to maintain; to preserve
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to put in order; to arrange; to get ready; to prepare; to work out (e.g. business deal); to arrange (e.g. marriage)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
exquisite; superb; perfect; miraculous
arrangement (of resources); deployment; stationing; posting; disposition; configuration
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
thick growth of plants; plantation; shrubbery; thicket
to look at; to gaze at; to look out over; to get a view of; to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch